Usage
This combination medication is primarily used to control and prevent various types of capillary bleeding. It is classified as an antihemorrhagic agent. It is indicated for conditions like hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), managing bleeding during and after surgical procedures (e.g., tooth extractions, tonsillectomies), treating bleeding from the gums, nose, and skin abrasions, and preventing or treating subcutaneous hemorrhage and purpura.
Alternate Names
This combination is marketed under various brand names, including Styptocid, Siochrome, Securon, and Cadisper-C. There doesn’t appear to be a universally accepted non-proprietary name for this specific combination. Individual components are often referred to by their generic names (e.g., Adrenochrome Monosemicarbazone, Menadione Sodium Bisulfite).
How It Works
Pharmacodynamics: This combination product works synergistically to promote hemostasis. Adrenochrome monosemicarbazone acts on capillaries, decreasing permeability and fragility, which reduces microvessel bleeding. Menadione sodium bisulfite (vitamin K3) is essential for synthesizing clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. Rutin strengthens capillary walls, reducing their tendency to bleed. Calcium is vital for the coagulation cascade, and Vitamin D aids calcium absorption.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption, metabolism, and elimination of each component vary. Adrenochrome monosemicarbazone is absorbed orally and parenterally. Menadione is fat-soluble and requires bile salts for absorption. It’s metabolized in the liver and excreted in bile and urine. Rutin is absorbed orally and metabolized in the liver. Vitamin D is absorbed in the gut, hydroxylated in the liver and kidney, and stored in fat tissue. Calcium is absorbed in the small intestine, its absorption is influenced by vitamin D.
Dosage
Standard Dosage
Adults:
One tablet daily. The typical tablet contains Adrenochrome monosemicarbazone 50 IU, Rutin 10 IU, Menadione Sodium Bisulfite 200 IU, Vitamin D 125 mg, and Calcium Phosphate 37.5 mg.
Children:
Dosage for children needs to be determined by a physician, considering factors like age, weight, and the severity of the bleeding.
Special Cases:
- Elderly Patients: Dosage should be adjusted based on liver and kidney function.
- Patients with Renal Impairment: Dose modification is necessary, considering creatinine clearance.
- Patients with Hepatic Dysfunction: Careful dose adjustment is needed as liver dysfunction can impact drug metabolism.
- Patients with Comorbid Conditions: Dose adjustments may be required for patients with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or other comorbidities.
Clinical Use Cases
Dosages in clinical situations should be determined by the attending physician based on the patient’s specific needs and the context of the procedure or condition. This applies to situations like intubation, surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) use, and emergency situations.
Dosage Adjustments
Dose modifications should be made considering renal/hepatic function, metabolic disorders, or any observed patient-specific response to therapy.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects
Generally considered safe; no commonly listed side effects. Possible gastrointestinal discomfort, skin rash, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea may occur.
Rare but Serious Side Effects
Allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis), chest tightness, or bluish discoloration of the skin are possibilities.
Long-Term Effects
No specific long-term effects are typically associated with this combination.
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
ADRs are infrequent but may include severe allergic reactions requiring immediate medical intervention.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to any component is an absolute contraindication. Pregnancy and breastfeeding are relative contraindications. Use cautiously in patients with liver or kidney disease.
Drug Interactions
Limited information is available regarding drug interactions. Inform the prescribing physician of all medications, supplements, and dietary considerations.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Caution is advised during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Consult a physician to weigh potential benefits against possible risks.
Drug Profile Summary
- Mechanism of Action: Promotes hemostasis through combined actions on capillaries, clotting factors, and platelet function.
- Side Effects: Generally well-tolerated. Possible GI discomfort, skin rash, allergic reactions.
- Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to any components, severe liver/kidney disease, active bleeding.
- Drug Interactions: Limited information available.
- Pregnancy & Breastfeeding: Relative contraindication, use with caution.
- Dosage: See dosage section above.
- Monitoring Parameters: Monitor signs of bleeding, coagulation parameters as needed.
Popular Combinations
This combination itself is a popular formulation for capillary bleeding management. No additional fixed combinations are commonly added.
Precautions
Standard precautions apply, including pre-screening for allergies, metabolic disorders, and organ dysfunction. Caution is advised for pregnant/breastfeeding individuals, children, and the elderly.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: What is the recommended dosage for Adrenochrome Monosemicarbazone + Calcium Phosphate + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite + Rutin + Vitamin D?
A: The standard adult dose is one tablet per day, but this can vary. Pediatric and special population dosing must be determined by a physician.
Q2: How does this combination medication work to stop bleeding?
A: It works by strengthening capillaries, promoting clot formation, and reducing capillary fragility.
Q3: Is this combination safe to use during pregnancy?
A: Pregnancy is a relative contraindication. Consult with a doctor to assess potential risks and benefits.
Q4: What are the common side effects?
A: This combination is generally well-tolerated. Gastrointestinal issues or skin rashes are possible.
Q5: Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?
A: Limited information is available. Consult with a doctor and provide a full medication history.
Q6: What should I do if a patient experiences an allergic reaction?
A: Discontinue use immediately and seek urgent medical attention.
Q7: Can this combination be used in children?
A: It can be used in children, but the dosage must be determined by a physician.
Q8: What is the role of each ingredient in this combination?
A: Adrenochrome monosemicarbazone reduces capillary fragility, menadione helps synthesize clotting factors, rutin strengthens capillaries, calcium is crucial for coagulation, and vitamin D aids calcium absorption.
Q9: How should this medication be stored?
A: Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and out of reach of children.
