Usage
This combination of probiotics is primarily used to maintain a healthy gut microbiota and boost immunity. It’s classified as a dietary supplement/probiotic, not a drug. It is often prescribed for:
- Managing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Preventing and treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea
- Treating acute infectious diarrhea in children
- Preventing traveler’s diarrhea
- Reducing lactose intolerance
- Enhancing immunity
- Lowering LDL cholesterol levels
- Decreasing inflammation
- Alleviating constipation
- Reducing the risk of allergies and eczema in infants
These bacteria work synergistically to restore gut flora balance. Bifidobacterium longum ferments sugars into lactic acid, inhibits harmful bacteria, and produces B vitamins. Lactobacillus acidophilus produces lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, also inhibiting pathogens. Streptococcus thermophilus breaks down lactose to lactic acid, aiding digestion and promoting beneficial bacteria growth.
Alternate Names
This combination is generally referred to by the names of the constituent bacteria. There isn’t one single international nonproprietary name (INN). Brand names vary widely depending on the manufacturer and formulation and may include VSL#3.
How It Works
Pharmacodynamics: These probiotics primarily exert their effects within the gastrointestinal tract. They compete with pathogenic bacteria for resources and adhesion sites, produce antimicrobial substances (lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins), and modulate the immune system.
Pharmacokinetics: Orally administered probiotics are not absorbed systemically. They transiently colonize the gut, and their survival depends on factors like gastric pH and bile salts. They are eventually eliminated through feces. Specific receptor binding, enzyme inhibition, or neurotransmitter modulation are not well-characterized for this probiotic combination.
Dosage
Dosage varies widely depending on the product formulation and the indication. Since this is a dietary supplement rather than a drug, standardized dosing guidelines like those for pharmaceuticals do not exist.
Standard Dosage
Adults:
Consult product-specific recommendations. Common doses range from 1 to 2 capsules or sachets daily, containing billions to hundreds of billions of colony-forming units (CFU).
Children:
Dosage in children should be determined in consultation with a pediatrician. Products specifically formulated for infants and children are available. Some sources suggest use in children over three months old.
Special Cases:
Dosage adjustments in the elderly, patients with renal or hepatic impairment, or those with comorbid conditions aren’t specifically defined for probiotics. However, caution is advised, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
Clinical Use Cases
Specific dosage recommendations for intubation, surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, ICU use, or emergency situations are not established for this probiotic combination.
Dosage Adjustments
Dose modifications based on renal/hepatic dysfunction, metabolic disorders, or genetic polymorphisms are not clearly defined.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects:
- Gas
- Bloating
- Abdominal discomfort
Rare but Serious Side Effects:
- Infections (in immunocompromised individuals)
- Allergic reactions (rare)
Long-Term Effects:
Long-term effects are not well studied, but prolonged use is generally considered safe in healthy individuals.
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
Clinically significant ADRs are rare. Seek immediate medical attention if signs of infection or allergic reaction occur.
Contraindications
- Individuals with severely compromised immune systems (e.g., HIV/AIDS, organ transplant recipients).
- Individuals with short bowel syndrome or other conditions predisposing to bacterial translocation.
- Known hypersensitivity to any of the constituent bacteria.
Drug Interactions
- Antibiotics: Antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of probiotics. Take probiotics at least two hours before or after antibiotics.
- Immunosuppressants: Theoretically, concurrent use might increase the risk of infection in susceptible individuals.
- Antifungals: May interact with probiotics; consultation with a doctor is necessary.
- Alcohol: Concomitant use might increase adverse effects.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Consult a doctor before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. While generally considered safe, definitive data on safety are limited. Some studies suggest potential benefits for both mother and infant.
Drug Profile Summary
- Mechanism of Action: Improves gut microbiota balance through competitive exclusion, production of antimicrobial substances, and immune modulation.
- Side Effects: Gas, bloating, abdominal discomfort. Rarely, infections or allergic reactions.
- Contraindications: Immunocompromised states, short bowel syndrome, hypersensitivity.
- Drug Interactions: Antibiotics, immunosuppressants, antifungals. Alcohol should also be avoided.
- Pregnancy & Breastfeeding: Consult a doctor before use.
- Dosage: Consult product-specific recommendations.
- Monitoring Parameters: Generally, no specific monitoring is required in healthy individuals. Monitor for gastrointestinal symptoms and signs of infection in high-risk patients.
Popular Combinations
This combination itself is a popular combination of probiotics. They can sometimes be found in combination with other probiotics, prebiotics (e.g., fructooligosaccharides), or vitamins.
Precautions
- Consult with a physician before use, especially if you have underlying health conditions or a weakened immune system.
- Monitor for any unusual or persistent side effects.
- Avoid alcohol while using this probiotic combination.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: What is the recommended dosage for Bifidobacterium longum + Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Streptococcus Thermophilus?
A: Consult product-specific labeling for dosage instructions. There is no single standardized dose.
Q2: Can this probiotic combination be used in children?
A: Certain formulations are available for children. Consult with a pediatrician before administering probiotics to children.
Q3: Can I take this probiotic while on antibiotics?
A: Yes, but it’s best to separate administration by at least two hours to minimize the antibiotic’s impact on the probiotic.
Q4: What are the signs of an allergic reaction to this probiotic?
A: Hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. Seek immediate medical attention if these occur.
Q5: Can this probiotic help with lactose intolerance?
A: Streptococcus thermophilus aids in lactose digestion, which may offer some benefit to those with lactose intolerance. Individual responses vary.
Q6: How long does it take to see results from taking this probiotic?
A: The timeframe for experiencing benefits varies depending on the individual and the reason for use. Some people may notice improvement within a few days, while others may require several weeks.
Q7: Can this probiotic help prevent infections?
A: Probiotics can support a healthy gut microbiota and immune function, which may play a role in reducing the risk of certain infections, particularly gastrointestinal infections.
Q8: Are there any long-term risks associated with taking probiotics?
A: In healthy individuals, long-term use of this probiotic combination is generally considered safe. Consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.
Q9: What should I do if I experience side effects from this probiotic?
A: Most side effects are mild and self-limiting. If you experience severe or persistent side effects, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.
