Usage
Camylofin + Diclofenac is prescribed for the management of abdominal pain and cramps associated with various gastrointestinal and gynecological conditions, including intestinal colic, biliary colic, renal colic, dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), and pancreatitis. It is also used to alleviate pain related to musculoskeletal and joint disorders and postoperative pain.
Its pharmacological classifications are:
- Camylofin: Antispasmodic, Anticholinergic
- Diclofenac: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), Analgesic
Mechanism of Action: Camylofin works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes smooth muscle contraction. This anticholinergic effect helps to reduce spasms and cramps. Diclofenac inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing the production of prostaglandins, which are responsible for pain, inflammation, and fever. The combined action of these two drugs provides synergistic relief from pain and spasms.
Alternate Names
While Camylofin + Diclofenac itself doesn’t have alternate generic names, the individual components do. There are also numerous brand names under which this combination is marketed internationally.
Some common brand names include Anaspas, Spasmonorm, Anafyle-Spas, and Bigspas D.
How It Works
Pharmacodynamics:
- Camylofin: Relaxes smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive tracts by blocking the muscarinic action of acetylcholine.
- Diclofenac: Inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis, thereby decreasing pain, inflammation, and fever.
Pharmacokinetics:
- Absorption: Both drugs are well-absorbed orally. Diclofenac is also available for intramuscular injection.
- Metabolism: Diclofenac is primarily metabolized in the liver by CYP2C9. Camylofin metabolism is less well-characterized.
- Elimination: Diclofenac is excreted primarily through the kidneys. Camylofin is likely excreted both renally and hepatically.
Mode of Action: Camylofin acts as an anticholinergic agent, blocking the binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors on smooth muscle cells, thereby inhibiting muscle contraction and spasm. Diclofenac inhibits COX enzymes, reducing prostaglandin production, responsible for inflammatory responses, pain signaling, and fever. Elimination pathways for diclofenac involve both renal and hepatic excretion.
Dosage
Standard Dosage
Adults: The usual dose is 50 mg of camylofin and 50 mg of diclofenac, taken two or three times a day. An initial dose of 100mg of diclofenac followed by 50mg may be beneficial in some patients.
Children: The combination is generally not recommended for children under 12 years of age. For children aged 1-12 years with surgical pain, diclofenac can be dosed at 0.3 mg/kg intravenously, 0.5 mg/kg as suppositories, or 1 mg/kg orally (as a single dose equivalent to 50 mg in adults). Camylofin pediatric dosage is not available.
Special Cases:
- Elderly Patients: Dosage adjustments may be necessary due to age-related decline in renal and hepatic function. Start with a lower dose and titrate as needed.
- Patients with Renal Impairment: Dose reduction is required for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment.
- Patients with Hepatic Dysfunction: Use with caution and consider dosage adjustments.
- Patients with Comorbid Conditions: Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or gastrointestinal disorders.
Clinical Use Cases
Dosing for specific clinical use cases like intubation, surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, ICU use, and emergencies is not well-defined for this combination. Diclofenac may be used intravenously for postoperative pain or acute pain.
Dosage Adjustments
Dosage adjustments should be made based on individual patient factors like renal and hepatic function, age, and comorbidities. Close monitoring is required, especially in patients with cardiovascular or gastrointestinal risks.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, abdominal pain, dry mouth, diarrhea, constipation, drowsiness, blurred vision.
Rare but Serious Side Effects: Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling), gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcers, cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke), renal impairment, hepatic dysfunction.
Long-Term Effects: Chronic kidney disease, gastrointestinal problems.
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR): Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis, blood dyscrasias.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to camylofin, diclofenac, or any component of the formulation.
- Active peptic ulcer or gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Severe hepatic or renal impairment.
- Severe heart failure.
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
- Third-trimester pregnancy.
- Narrow-angle glaucoma.
- Prostatic hypertrophy.
- Mechanical bowel obstruction.
Drug Interactions
Camylofin + Diclofenac may interact with:
- Other NSAIDs
- Anticoagulants (warfarin)
- Antihypertensives
- Diuretics
- Lithium
- Digoxin
- Antidiabetic agents (metformin)
- Alcohol
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy. Use with caution during the first and second trimesters if the benefits outweigh the risks. Diclofenac is excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in infants. Camylofin use during breastfeeding should be avoided or used with caution.
Drug Profile Summary
- Mechanism of Action: Camylofin: Antispasmodic, Anticholinergic. Diclofenac: NSAID.
- Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, dizziness, gastrointestinal bleeding, cardiovascular events.
- Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, peptic ulcer, severe hepatic/renal impairment, heart failure, CABG surgery, third-trimester pregnancy.
- Drug Interactions: Anticoagulants, other NSAIDs, antihypertensives, alcohol.
- Pregnancy & Breastfeeding: Contraindicated in third-trimester pregnancy. Use with caution during breastfeeding.
- Dosage: Adults: 50 mg camylofin/50 mg diclofenac two or three times daily. Pediatric and other adjustments as per specific scenarios.
- Monitoring Parameters: Blood pressure, renal function, liver function.
Popular Combinations
Information on commonly used combinations with Camylofin + Diclofenac is limited in the provided sources.
Precautions
- Pre-existing medical conditions: Cardiovascular disease, renal or hepatic impairment, gastrointestinal disorders should prompt careful consideration and monitoring.
- Pregnant Women: Avoid in third trimester. Use with caution in the first two trimesters.
- Breastfeeding Mothers: Avoid camylofin and diclofenac or use with extreme caution. Consider alternatives.
- Children & Elderly: Age-specific dosages and close monitoring.
- Lifestyle Considerations: Avoid alcohol. Caution while driving or operating machinery due to potential drowsiness or dizziness.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: What is the recommended dosage for Camylofin + Diclofenac?
A: The standard adult dose is 50 mg of camylofin and 50 mg of diclofenac taken two or three times daily. Pediatric dosages, geriatric considerations, and adjustments for renal and hepatic impairment should be made based on individual patient parameters and under strict medical supervision.
Q2: What are the primary uses of this medication?
A: Primarily used to manage abdominal pain and cramps associated with conditions like intestinal, biliary, and renal colic, as well as dysmenorrhea. It’s also used for musculoskeletal pain and post-operative pain.
Q3: What is the mechanism of action of Camylofin + Diclofenac?
A: Camylofin is an antispasmodic that works by blocking acetylcholine, thus reducing smooth muscle contractions. Diclofenac is an NSAID that inhibits COX enzymes, leading to a decrease in prostaglandin production and thus relieving pain and inflammation.
Q4: What are the common side effects?
A: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, and dry mouth.
A: Serious side effects can include allergic reactions, gastrointestinal bleeding, cardiovascular events, renal impairment, and hepatic dysfunction. Seek medical help immediately if these occur.
Q6: Is it safe to take this medication during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
A: It is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy. During the first two trimesters and breastfeeding, consult with a doctor to assess the benefits and risks as it can potentially affect the fetus or nursing infant.
Q7: What are the major contraindications for this medication?
A: Major contraindications include hypersensitivity, active peptic ulcer, severe hepatic or renal impairment, severe heart failure, recent CABG surgery, narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy and mechanical bowel obstruction.
Q8: Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?
A: Yes, this combination can interact with other NSAIDs, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, diuretics, lithium, digoxin, and antidiabetic agents. Alcohol should also be avoided.
Q9: What precautions should be taken while administering this drug?
A: Caution should be exercised in elderly patients, individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, or gastrointestinal conditions. Blood pressure, renal function, and liver function should be monitored. Dosage adjustments may be necessary in various scenarios.
Q10: Are there any dietary restrictions while taking this medicine?
A: Patients should avoid alcohol. A balanced diet is recommended, especially for long-term use, to mitigate potential gastrointestinal side effects.
