Usage
This combination is primarily prescribed for female infertility, particularly in cases of diminished ovarian reserve, poor ovarian response during assisted reproductive technologies (IVF/ICSI/IUI), premature ovarian insufficiency, and unexplained infertility. It is also used as an adjuvant therapy in infertility treatment. While it is not classified under a single pharmacological category, it acts as a hormonal supplement, antioxidant, and fertility enhancer. Coenzyme Q10 acts as an antioxidant and improves energy production within cells. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a precursor to sex hormones, potentially improving egg quality and ovarian function. Melatonin, also an antioxidant, may further enhance egg quality and regulate sleep-wake cycles, which can indirectly improve fertility.
Alternate Names
This combination doesn’t have a universally recognized international nonproprietary name (INN). It is often referred to by the names of its individual components. Brand names include DRONE-Q10, OVACORE, INFERVIT SMART TAB and Ovares Plus.
How It Works
Pharmacodynamics: Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant that is involved in mitochondrial energy production. DHEA is a precursor hormone that can be converted into estrogens and androgens, potentially impacting ovarian function and egg quality. Melatonin has antioxidant properties and can regulate circadian rhythms.
Pharmacokinetics: The individual components have distinct pharmacokinetic profiles. Coenzyme Q10 is absorbed from the gut and metabolized in the liver. DHEA is metabolized into various steroids, including estrogens and androgens. Melatonin is rapidly absorbed and metabolized primarily in the liver, with excretion through the kidneys.
Mode of Action: Coenzyme Q10 enhances mitochondrial function and protects against oxidative stress. DHEA may improve ovarian function by increasing androgen levels, which are precursors to estrogens. Melatonin’s antioxidant properties may protect oocytes from oxidative damage.
Dosage
Standard Dosage
Adults: The typical dosage is one capsule per day, containing a combination of Coenzyme Q10 (100mg), Dehydroepiandrosterone (75mg), and Melatonin (3mg).
Children: This combination is not recommended for children.
Special Cases:
- Elderly Patients: No specific dosage adjustments are universally recommended, but caution and lower initial doses may be considered.
- Patients with Renal Impairment: Caution is advised, and dosage adjustments may be necessary based on kidney function.
- Patients with Hepatic Dysfunction: Caution is advised, and dosage adjustments may be necessary based on liver function.
- Patients with Comorbid Conditions: Pre-existing conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, mental health disorders, and bleeding disorders require caution and potential dose adjustment.
Clinical Use Cases
The provided sources do not explicitly mention dosage for specific clinical use cases like intubation, surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, or ICU use. This combination is not intended for emergency situations like status epilepticus or cardiac arrest.
Dosage Adjustments
Dosage adjustments should be made based on patient-specific factors like renal or hepatic dysfunction, other medical conditions, and concomitant medications.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects
Nausea, stomach ache, fatigue, mood swings, headache, dizziness, insomnia, irritability, and heartburn.
Rare but Serious Side Effects
Acne, oily skin, increased hair growth, deepening of voice in women, irritability, mood changes, over-stimulation, insomnia, fatigue, and increased liver enzymes.
Long-Term Effects
Limited data are available on long-term effects.
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
Allergic reactions (itching or rashes), mood changes (depression, mania), hormonal imbalances.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to any component.
- Breast or prostate cancer.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding (due to insufficient safety data).
Drug Interactions
- Anticoagulants (warfarin)
- Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, valproic acid)
- Antidepressants (lithium, paroxetine, citalopram)
- Antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine, chlorpromazine)
- Sedatives (triazolam)
- Hormonal medications (estrogen, testosterone)
- Antidiabetic medications (insulin, metformin)
- Beta-blockers (atenolol)
- Alcohol
- Grapefruit juice
- Soybeans
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Not recommended due to insufficient safety data. Potential harm to the fetus or nursing infant is possible.
Drug Profile Summary
- Mechanism of Action: Coenzyme Q10 acts as an antioxidant and improves energy production. DHEA acts as a precursor to sex hormones, potentially improving egg quality and ovarian function. Melatonin is an antioxidant that may enhance egg quality and regulate sleep-wake cycles.
- Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, stomach ache, fatigue, mood swings, and headache. Rare and serious side effects include acne, oily skin, increased hair growth, and mood changes.
- Contraindications: Breast or prostate cancer, pregnancy, breastfeeding, known hypersensitivity.
- Drug Interactions: Multiple drug interactions are possible, including interactions with anticoagulants, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and alcohol.
- Pregnancy & Breastfeeding: Not recommended.
- Dosage: One capsule daily for adults. Not recommended for children.
- Monitoring Parameters: Liver function tests, blood pressure, hormonal levels.
Popular Combinations
This combination itself represents a combined therapy, and no further specific combinations are commonly mentioned in the sources.
Precautions
- General Precautions: Pre-screening for allergies, metabolic disorders, organ dysfunction.
- Specific Populations: Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid this combination. Children should not be given this combination.
- Lifestyle Considerations: Avoid alcohol consumption.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: What is the recommended dosage for Coenzyme Q10 + Dehydroepiandrosterone + Melatonin?
A: One capsule daily containing 100mg Coenzyme Q10, 75mg Dehydroepiandrosterone, and 3mg Melatonin, or as directed by a physician.
Q2: Can this combination cure infertility?
A: This combination can potentially improve pregnancy rates, particularly in women with certain types of infertility, but it is not a guaranteed cure. Infertility has various causes, and treatment should be individualized.
Q3: Can men take this combination?
A: This combination is primarily intended for female infertility. While CoQ10 has general health benefits, DHEA supplementation in men can have different effects and should only be considered under medical supervision.
Q4: Can I take this combination with food?
A: Yes, it can be taken with food, preferably at the same time each day for consistent absorption.
Q5: What should I do if I experience side effects?
A: Most side effects are mild and transient. If side effects persist or worsen, consult your doctor.
Q6: Can I drink alcohol while taking this combination?
A: Alcohol is generally not recommended as it might interact with the medications.
Q7: What if I have pre-existing liver or kidney problems?
A: Consult your doctor before taking this combination if you have pre-existing liver or kidney issues as dosage adjustments might be necessary.
Q8: Are there any long-term risks associated with this combination?
A: Limited data are available on long-term risks. Regular monitoring and consultation with your doctor are essential.
Q9: Can I take other supplements while on this combination?
A: Discuss all other supplements and medications you are taking with your doctor to avoid potential interactions.
