D-Panthenol + Nicotinamide + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride + Thiamine + Tocoferol + Vitamin A + Vitamin B2 + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3

Usage

This combination of vitamins is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of vitamin deficiencies. It is particularly useful in situations where oral intake is compromised or insufficient, such as during periods of malnutrition, malabsorption, or when patients are receiving parenteral nutrition. This combination is not classified under a single pharmacological class but is considered a multivitamin supplement. The mechanism of action involves replenishing essential vitamins required for various physiological functions.

Alternate Names

There is no single official alternate name for this specific multivitamin combination. Brand names vary depending on the manufacturer and the specific formulation. One example found in the sources is “Introvit Oral”. It is more common to refer to this combination by its individual components.

How It Works

Pharmacodynamics: Each vitamin in this combination exerts specific effects on the body. Vitamin A supports epithelial tissue and vision. Vitamin D3 regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant. B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, nicotinamide) are crucial for energy production and nerve function. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and supports immune function. D-Panthenol is a provitamin of B5 and contributes to various metabolic processes.

Pharmacokinetics: The individual vitamins in this formulation are absorbed, metabolized, and eliminated through different pathways. Water-soluble vitamins (B vitamins and vitamin C) are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and readily excreted in urine. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E) are absorbed along with dietary fats and stored in the liver and adipose tissue. Elimination of fat-soluble vitamins is slower.

Mode of Action: Vitamins function as coenzymes or precursors for coenzymes in numerous metabolic reactions. For instance, B vitamins are essential for the function of various enzymes involved in energy production. Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting. The exact mechanism of action of the combination is a result of the individual mechanisms of its components.

Dosage

Standard Dosage

Adults:

Dosages vary depending on the specific product formulation. One example from the sources suggests 1 ml per 40 kg body weight for 3-5 days, but this is likely for veterinary use. Refer to the specific product’s prescribing information for the recommended adult dosage.

Children:

Pediatric dosing needs to be individualized based on age, weight, and specific vitamin requirements. Always consult the specific product’s prescribing information and consider seeking expert advice from a pediatrician or pharmacist specializing in pediatric dosages.

Special Cases:

Dosing adjustments should be made based on the patient’s individual needs and health status. Renal or hepatic impairment might require dose reduction.

Clinical Use Cases

Dosage varies depending on the specific clinical situation and patient needs. It is recommended to follow the clinical guidelines and consult with specialists for appropriate dosage recommendations.

Dosage Adjustments

Dose adjustments are required for patients with renal/hepatic impairment and other relevant conditions. Always consult the specific product’s prescribing information and consider seeking expert advice from a nephrologist or hepatologist for patients with renal or hepatic impairment.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

Generally, multivitamins are well-tolerated. In some cases, mild gastrointestinal upset might occur. Allergic reactions to any component are possible but rare.

Rare but Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare with multivitamin supplementation. However, excessive intake of certain vitamins can lead to toxicity (e.g., vitamin A toxicity).

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to any of the components is a contraindication. Certain pre-existing medical conditions may warrant caution.

Drug Interactions

Potential interactions can occur with certain medications. Consult standard drug interaction resources for specific interactions and recommendations.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

This combination is generally considered safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding at recommended doses. However, it’s always advisable to consult a healthcare professional before using any medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Drug Profile Summary

The provided information is insufficient to give a complete drug profile summary. Consult the individual vitamin monographs for detailed information.

Popular Combinations

This combination is often included in broader multivitamin formulations.

Precautions

Standard precautions include monitoring for allergies and adverse reactions. Consult the specific product’s prescribing information for detailed precautions.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

Due to variations in the formulations of multivitamins, it is difficult to provide a single comprehensive FAQ section. However, it is recommended to consult the specific product’s information leaflet for detailed FAQs and/or contact the manufacturer. General vitamin questions should be directed toward reliable medical sources.