Usage
This combination of toxoids, inactivated viruses, and conjugate vaccine is indicated for active immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), poliomyelitis (polio), and invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). It is primarily used in infants and young children as part of their routine vaccination schedule.
Pharmacological Classification: Vaccine (combined)
Mechanism of Action: This combination vaccine stimulates an active immune response by exposing the body to inactivated toxins (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids), inactivated polioviruses, and Hib capsular polysaccharide conjugated to a protein carrier (usually tetanus toxoid). This exposure triggers the production of specific antibodies against each of these pathogens, conferring long-term immunity without causing the diseases.
Alternate Names
The exact combination listed is not available as a single product. However, combination vaccines containing several of these components are available under various brand names. Examples containing similar components include Infanrix hexa, Vaxelis, Pentacel, and Quadracel. The specific components can vary between brands (e.g., some also include Hepatitis B).
How It Works
Pharmacodynamics: The vaccine components act as antigens, stimulating B lymphocytes to produce antibodies specific to each pathogen’s components. These antibodies neutralize the toxins or viruses, preventing them from causing disease upon subsequent exposure.
Pharmacokinetics: The toxoids and inactivated viruses are administered intramuscularly (IM). Absorption from the injection site varies depending on the specific formulation. The conjugated Hib component is also administered IM. The polysaccharide component is processed and presented to the immune system, leading to antibody production. Elimination of the vaccine components is primarily through immune system processes and metabolism, with minimal excretion in urine or feces.
Mode of Action: The vaccine components mimic natural infection without causing disease. The immune system recognizes the toxoids, inactivated viruses, and conjugated polysaccharide as foreign, triggering the production of antibodies.
Dosage
As this exact combination is not a marketed product, dosage details are not provided. Please see the individual vaccine components or combined vaccine products (such as Infanrix hexa or Vaxelis) for specific dosage information. Refer to the respective package inserts or official guidelines for detailed instructions. Always adhere to the latest recommendations by the relevant health authorities in India.
Side Effects
Since this combination is not available as a single vaccine, side effects can’t be specifically addressed here. However, combination vaccines with similar components may cause local reactions at the injection site (pain, swelling, redness) and systemic reactions (fever, irritability, fatigue). More serious adverse reactions are rare. Always refer to specific product information for details.
Contraindications
Contraindications vary for the individual vaccine components. General contraindications for vaccines may include severe allergic reaction to a previous dose or any component of the vaccine, or severe illness with or without fever. Again, please refer to specific product information for a comprehensive list.
Drug Interactions
Drug interactions are primarily related to immunosuppressive medications, which may reduce the immune response to the vaccine. Consult the relevant product information for specific information on drug interactions.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
These vaccines are generally safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, especially when the benefits of vaccination outweigh the potential risks. Individual assessment is necessary, and advice from a healthcare provider is crucial.
Drug Profile Summary
Not available for this specific unmarketed combination.
Popular Combinations
Several combination vaccines contain various components included in this list. Examples include DTaP-IPV-Hib, DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB.
Precautions
Standard precautions for administering vaccines should be followed. Screen for contraindications and allergies before administration.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
FAQs would pertain to specific combined vaccines, rather than this theoretical combination.
Q1: What is the recommended dosage for Diphtheria Immune Globulin + Haemophilus Type B Conjugate Vaccine + Pertussis Toxoid + Poliomyelitis Virus Type 1 + Poliomyelitis Virus Type 2 + Poliomyelitis virus type 3 + Tetanus Toxoid?
A: This exact combination is not available as a single product, therefore, no standard dosage exists. Refer to specific combination vaccines (e.g., Infanrix hexa, Vaxelis) for dosage guidelines.
