Usage
Polyethylene Glycol + Polyvinyl Alcohol is prescribed for the relief of dry, irritated eyes. It is classified as an ophthalmic lubricant or artificial tear. This combination works by lubricating the ocular surface, providing a protective coating that helps retain moisture and reduce friction.
Alternate Names
This drug combination may be referred to as artificial tears or ocular lubricant. Several brand names exist, often containing varying formulations with additional ingredients. It is important to consult the product packaging for the specific composition.
How It Works
Pharmacodynamics: Polyethylene Glycol and Polyvinyl Alcohol act topically on the ocular surface. They increase the viscosity of the tear film, providing lubrication and reducing evaporation. They also provide a soothing effect on irritated ocular tissues.
Pharmacokinetics: Due to their high molecular weight and the nature of topical application, these polymers are not systemically absorbed. The minimal amount that may be absorbed is not clinically significant. Elimination pathways are not applicable due to the lack of systemic absorption. There is no receptor binding, enzyme inhibition, or neurotransmitter modulation involved in their mechanism of action.
Dosage
Standard Dosage
Adults: Instill 1 or 2 drops into the affected eye(s) as needed.
Children: Use as directed by a physician. Pediatric safety considerations are generally not applicable due to minimal systemic absorption. However, always consult with a pediatrician before use in children.
Special Cases: Dosage adjustments are generally not necessary in elderly patients, or those with renal or hepatic impairment due to lack of systemic absorption. However, individual patient needs should be considered.
Clinical Use Cases
Dosage in clinical settings, such as during intubation, surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, ICU use, or emergency situations, follows the standard dosage recommendations as needed for ocular lubrication.
Dosage Adjustments
Specific dosage adjustments are generally not necessary due to the topical nature of the medication and minimal systemic absorption.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects
- Temporary blurred vision immediately after application
- Minor burning, stinging, or irritation
Rare but Serious Side Effects
- Eye pain
- Changes in vision
- Continued eye redness/irritation
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, trouble breathing)
Long-Term Effects
No long-term adverse effects have been reported with this combination.
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
Clinically significant ADRs are rare. Allergic reactions require immediate medical attention.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, or any other components of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Clinically significant drug interactions are not expected with this ophthalmic lubricant. However, it’s advisable to inform your physician about all other medications being used, including other eye drops.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
The safety of this combination during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been extensively studied. Use with caution and only if clearly needed. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, consult your doctor before use.
Drug Profile Summary
- Mechanism of Action: Lubricates and protects the ocular surface, reducing dryness and irritation.
- Side Effects: Blurred vision (transient), burning/stinging, eye irritation, allergic reactions.
- Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to any component.
- Drug Interactions: None known.
- Pregnancy & Breastfeeding: Consult a physician.
- Dosage: 1-2 drops as needed.
- Monitoring Parameters: Monitor for signs of eye irritation or allergic reactions.
Popular Combinations
This drug combination is often found in formulations with other lubricants such as carboxymethylcellulose, dextran, glycerin, hypromellose, polysorbate, povidone, or propylene glycol.
Precautions
- Wash hands thoroughly before application.
- Avoid touching the tip of the container to the eye or any other surface.
- Replace the cap tightly after each use.
- Do not use if the solution changes color or becomes cloudy.
- Contact lenses should be removed before application, and reinsertion is usually allowed after about 10 minutes.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: What is the recommended dosage for Polyethylene Glycol + Polyvinyl Alcohol?
A: The usual dose is 1 or 2 drops in the affected eye(s) as needed.
A: It’s generally recommended to remove contact lenses before using and wait about 10 minutes after the application. Check specific product instructions as it may vary.
Q3: What are the common side effects?
A: Common side effects are typically mild and include temporary blurred vision and minor burning or stinging.
Q4: What should I do if I experience severe or persistent eye irritation?
A: Discontinue use and consult an ophthalmologist.
Q5: Can pregnant or breastfeeding women use this product?
A: Consult a physician before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Q6: Are there any known drug interactions?
A: No significant drug interactions have been reported.
Q7: How should I store this product?
A: Store as directed on the product packaging, typically at room temperature.
Q8: Can this product be used in children?
A: Consult a pediatrician before using in children.
Q9: What should I do if I accidentally swallow this medication?
A: Although generally considered safe, contact a poison control center or seek medical attention if a large quantity is ingested.
Q10: Is this medication available over-the-counter?
A: Yes, many formulations are readily available without a prescription.
